Abstract Instructions:

1. Your abstract must be prepared in English.

2. Ensure that you have declared appropriate Institutional Review Board (Ethics Committee) approval.

3. To ensure that article referees or peer reviewers do not know your identity (as author[s] of the abstract being reviewed), you will need to make sure that you remove any information in the actual abstract (including footnotes and acknowledgments) that could identify you. You must not state the name of your research institution or hospital where your work was carried out. Also exclude references to grants awarded to named persons, refer to your own references in the third person.

4. Your abstract word count should NOT exceed 250 words (excluding tables and pictures).

5. Structure of your abstract:

• Background: Describe the background supporting the relevance of the research question.

• Methods: State details on study subjects, techniques, and/or observational/analytical methods.

• Results: Include your main findings, noting statistically significant data.

• Conclusions: Summarize principal conclusions, emphasizing new and important aspects and stating if this study has either not been done before or how it differs from previous publications.

6. Use standard abbreviations. Place unusual abbreviations between parentheses (…) after the first appearance of the word.

7. If you do not follow these instructions, your abstract may be rejected.